OpenAI o3-mini System Card | OpenAI
Skip to main content
Research
Products
Business
Developers
Company
Foundation(opens in a new window)
Log in
Try ChatGPT
(opens in a new window)
Research
Products
Business
Developers
Company
Foundation
(opens in a new window)
Try ChatGPT
(opens in a new window)Login
OpenAI
January 31, 2025PublicationOpenAI o3‑mini System Card
Read the System Card
(opens in a new window)Contributions
Loading…
Share
OpenAI o3-mini System Card
Specific areas of risk
Disallowed content
Jailbreaks
Hallucinations
Preparedness Scorecard
CBRN
Medium
Cybersecurity
Low
Persuasion
Medium
Model Autonomy
Medium
Scorecard ratings
Low
Medium
High
Critical
Only models with a post-mitigation score of "medium" or below can be deployed.
Only models with a post-mitigation score of "high" or below can be developed further.
Introduction
The OpenAI o model series is trained with large-scale reinforcement learning to reason using chain of thought. These advanced reasoning capabilities provide new avenues for improving the safety and robustness of our models. In particular, our models can reason about our safety policies in context when responding to potentially unsafe prompts, through deliberative alignment. This brings OpenAI o3‑mini to parity with state-of-the-art performance on certain benchmarks for risks such as generating illicit advice, choosing stereotyped responses, and succumbing to known jailbreaks. Training models to incorporate a chain of thought before answering has the potential to unlock substantial benefits, while also increasing potential risks that stem from heightened intelligence.
Under the Preparedness Framework⁠(opens in a new window), OpenAI’s Safety Advisory Group (SAG) recommended classifying the OpenAI o3‑mini (Pre-Mitigation) model as Medium risk overall. It scores Medium risk for Persuasion, CBRN (chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear), and Model Autonomy, and Low risk for Cybersecurity. Only models with a post-mitigation score of Medium or below can be deployed, and only models with a post-mitigation score of High or below can be developed further.
Due to improved coding and research engineering performance, OpenAI o3‑mini is the first model to reach Medium risk on Model Autonomy. However, it still performs poorly on evaluations designed to test real-world ML research capabilities relevant for self improvement, which is required for a High classification. Our results underscore the need for building robust alignment methods, extensively stress-testing their efficacy, and maintaining meticulous risk management protocols.
This report outlines the safety work carried out for the OpenAI o3‑mini model, including safety evaluations, external red teaming, and Preparedness Framework evaluations.
System Cards
Authors
OpenAI
Research
Research Index
Research Overview
Economic Research
Latest Advancements
GPT-5.6
GPT-5.5
GPT-5.4
Safety
Safety Approach
Deployment Safety
(opens in a new window)
Security & Privacy
Trust & Transparency
Products
ChatGPT
(opens in a new window)
ChatGPT Business
(opens in a new window)
ChatGPT Enterprise
(opens in a new window)
ChatGPT for Education
(opens in a new window)
Codex
Release Notes
API Platform
Overview
API Log In
(opens in a new window)
Docs
(opens in a new window)
Business
Overview
Solutions
Resources
Customer Stories
Partner Network
Contact Sales
Developers
Apps SDK
(opens in a new window)
Open Models
Docs
(opens in a new window)
Resources
(opens in a new window)
Developer Forum
(opens in a new window)
Company
About Us
Our Charter
Careers
News
Support
Help Center
(opens in a new window)
More
Stories
Academy
Supply Co.
Livestreams
Podcast
RSS
Terms & Policies
Terms of Use
Privacy Policy
Other Policies
(opens in a new window)
(opens in a new window)
(opens in a new window)
(opens in a new window)
(opens in a new window)
(opens in a new window)
(opens in a new window)
OpenAI © 2015–2026Your privacy choices
EnglishUnited States